Home Network Security Checklist
Intro¶
How you can more securely connect your home network devices to the internet, including configuring your router and setting up a VPN.
Checklist¶
Essential Activities¶
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Change Default Router Passwords
Priority: Essential
Change the factory-set passwords for your router and all smart devices (TVs, cameras, speakers) immediately. Default router passwords are publicly available, meaning anyone within proximity could potentially connect. Improve Your Router Security -Consumer Reports -
Use Strong WiFi Encryption
Priority: Essential
Use WPA3 if supported by your device; otherwise, use WPA2-AES. If your router cannot use WPA2-AES, it should be replaced.; Avoid WEP or WPA (TKIP) as they are easily cracked. If your router no longer gets updates, it’s too risky to keep using. -
Keep Router Firmware Up-to-date
Priority: Essential
Regularly check for and install router firmware updates to patch security vulnerabilities and maintain standards compliance.
Recommended Activities¶
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Use a VPN
Priority: Recommended
Use a reputable, paid-for VPN. This can help protect sites you visit from logging your real IP, reduce the amount of data your ISP can collect, and increase protection on public WiFi. -
Implement a Network-Wide VPN
Priority: Recommended
If you configure your VPN on your router, firewall, or home server, then traffic from all devices will be encrypted and routed through it, without needing individual VPN apps. -
Whitelist MAC Addresses
Priority: Recommended
You can whitelist MAC addresses in your router settings, disallowing any unknown devices to immediately connect to your network, even if they know your credentials. -
Change Wi-Fi Network Name (SSID)
Priority: Recommended
Change the name of your Wi-Fi network (SSID) so that it doesn't include any personal or location identifying information. Don't include your name, address, apartment number, or router brand/model.
Advanced Activities¶
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Use a Guest Network for Guests and IoT Devices
Priority: Advanced
Do not grant access to your primary WiFi network to visitors or IoT devices (like light switches, door-bells, internet security cameras, etc.), as it enables them to interact with other devices on the network. -
Don't Have Open Ports
Priority: Advanced
Close any open ports on your router that are not needed. Open ports provide an easy entrance for hackers. -
Disable Cloud-Based Management
Priority: Advanced
Treat your router's admin panel with the utmost care, as considerable damage can be caused if an attacker is able to gain access.
Software Links¶
- Improve Your Router Security -Consumer Reports
- What is a VPN (virtual private network)?
- VPN Comparison -news site
- How to Set Up a Router